Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/biometrics/openbr

sklum
2 parents 8917c959 0e316414
Showing 62 changed files with 1010 additions and 282 deletions
.gitignore
CMakeLists.txt
README.md
app/CMakeLists.txt
app/br/br.cpp
data/CaltechPedestrians/README.md
openbr/CMakeLists.txt
openbr/core/bee.cpp
openbr/core/cluster.cpp
openbr/core/common.cpp
openbr/core/common.h
openbr/core/core.cpp
openbr/core/eigenutils.cpp
openbr/core/eigenutils.h
openbr/core/opencvutils.cpp
openbr/core/opencvutils.h
openbr/gui/tail.cpp
openbr/gui/utility.cpp
openbr/janus
openbr/janus.cpp
 ### Repository Specific ###
 3rdparty/LatentSDK*
 3rdparty/pittpatt*
+3rdparty/cvmatio
 data/*/img
 data/*/vid
 data/PCSO/*
@@ -39,4 +40,10 @@ scripts/results
 ### autogenerated sigsets ###
 data/INRIAPerson/sigset
 data/KTH/sigset
+data/CaltechPedestrians/annotations
+data/CaltechPedestrians/*.xml
  
+### Sublime ###
+*.check_cache
+*.sublime-project
+*.sublime-workspace
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.9)
 # Global settings
 set(BR_SHARE_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/share/openbr")
 set(BR_SCRIPTS_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/scripts")
+set(BR_THIRDPARTY_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/3rdparty")
 set(CMAKE_AUTOMOC ON)
 set(CPACK_PACKAGE_NAME "OpenBR")
 set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VENDOR "OpenBiometrics")
@@ -90,6 +91,18 @@ set(BR_THIRDPARTY_LIBS ${BR_THIRDPARTY_LIBS} ${OpenCV_LIBS})
 # Find Alphanum
 find_package(Alphanum REQUIRED)
  
+# Find cvmatio (if using it)
+set(BR_WITH_CVMATIO OFF CACHE BOOL "Build with cvmatio library to read Matlab data files (required to use Caltech Pedestrians dataset)")
+if(${BR_WITH_CVMATIO})
+  find_package(cvmatio REQUIRED)
+  add_definitions(-DCVMATIO)
+  add_subdirectory(${CVMATIO_DIR})
+  include_directories(${CVMATIO_DIR}/include)
+  set(BR_THIRDPARTY_SRC ${BR_THIRDPARTY_SRC} ${CVMATIO_DIR}/src/MatlabIO.cpp)
+  link_directories(${CVMATIO_LIB_DIR})
+  set(BR_THIRDPARTY_LIBS ${BR_THIRDPARTY_LIBS} cvmatio)
+endif()
+
 # Compiler flags
 if(UNIX)
   set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wall -Wextra -Wno-strict-overflow -fvisibility=hidden -fno-omit-frame-pointer")
@@ -14,4 +14,3 @@ To optionally check out a particular [tagged release](https://github.com/biometr
  
  
 [![Bitdeli Badge](https://d2weczhvl823v0.cloudfront.net/biometrics/openbr/trend.png)](https://bitdeli.com/free "Bitdeli Badge")
-
@@ -5,4 +5,6 @@ add_subdirectory(br)
 add_subdirectory(examples)
  
 # Build OpenBR GUI application
-add_subdirectory(br-gui)
+if(NOT ${BR_EMBEDDED})
+  add_subdirectory(br-gui)
+endif()
@@ -158,12 +158,17 @@ public:
             } else if (!strcmp(fun, "plotMetadata")) {
                 check(parc >= 2, "Incorrect parameter count for 'plotMetadata'.");
                 br_plot_metadata(parc-1, parv, parv[parc-1], true);
+            } else if (!strcmp(fun, "deduplicate")) {
+                check(parc == 3, "Incorrect parameter count for 'deduplicate'.");
+                br_deduplicate(parv[0], parv[1], parv[2]);
             }
  
             // Miscellaneous
             else if (!strcmp(fun, "help")) {
                 check(parc == 0, "No parameters expected for 'help'.");
                 help();
+            } else if (!strcmp(fun, "gui")) {
+                // Do nothing because we checked for this flag prior to initialization
             } else if (!strcmp(fun, "objects")) {
                 check(parc <= 2, "Incorrect parameter count for 'objects'.");
                 printf("%s\n", br_objects(parc >= 1 ? parv[0] : ".*", parc >= 2 ? parv[1] : ".*"));
@@ -177,11 +182,10 @@ public:
                 check(parc == 1, "Incorrect parameter count for 'daemon'.");
                 daemon = true;
                 daemon_pipe = parv[0];
-            } else if (!strcmp(fun,"slave")) {
+            } else if (!strcmp(fun, "slave")) {
                 check(parc == 1, "Incorrect parameter count for 'slave'");
                 br_slave_process(parv[0]);
-            }
-            else if (!strcmp(fun, "exit")) {
+            } else if (!strcmp(fun, "exit")) {
                 check(parc == 0, "No parameters expected for 'exit'.");
                 daemon = false;
             } else if (!strcmp(fun, "getHeader")) {
@@ -245,6 +249,7 @@ private:
                "\n"
                "==== Miscellaneous ====\n"
                "-help\n"
+               "-gui\n"
                "-objects [abstraction [implementation]]\n"
                "-about\n"
                "-version\n"
@@ -255,7 +260,7 @@ private:
  
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
-    br_initialize(argc, argv);
+    br_initialize(argc, argv, "", argc >= 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-gui"));
  
     FakeMain *fakeMain = new FakeMain(argc, argv);
     QThreadPool::globalInstance()->start(fakeMain);
+## Caltech Pedestrians Dataset
+The Caltech Pedestrian Dataset consists of approximately 10 hours of 640x480 30Hz video taken from a vehicle driving through regular traffic in an urban environment. About 250,000 frames (in 137 approximately minute long segments) with a total of 350,000 bounding boxes and 2300 unique pedestrians were annotated. The annotation includes temporal correspondence between bounding boxes and detailed occlusion labels.
+* [Website](http://www.vision.caltech.edu/Image_Datasets/CaltechPedestrians/)
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ set(JANUS_BUILD_PP5_WRAPPER ${BR_WITH_PP5} CACHE BOOL &quot;Build Janus implementatio
 set(JANUS_BUILD_DOCS ${BR_BUILD_DOCUMENTATION} CACHE BOOL "Build Janus HTML Doxygen documentation")
 mark_as_advanced(JANUS_BUILD_PP5_WRAPPER)
 mark_as_advanced(JANUS_BUILD_DOCS)
-set(JANUS_TEST_IMPLEMENTATION openbr)
+set(JANUS_IMPLEMENTATION openbr)
 add_subdirectory(janus)
  
 # Install
@@ -172,6 +172,8 @@ Mat BEE::readMat(const br::File &amp;matrix, QString *targetSigset, QString *querySi
     qint64 read = file.read((char*)m.data, bytesExpected);
     if (read != bytesExpected)
         qFatal("Invalid matrix size.");
+    if (!file.atEnd())
+        qFatal("Expected matrix end of file.");
     file.close();
  
     Mat result;
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include <QSet>
 #include <limits>
 #include <openbr/openbr_plugin.h>
+#include <assert.h>
  
 #include "openbr/core/bee.h"
 #include "openbr/core/cluster.h"
@@ -63,3 +63,16 @@ QList&lt;int&gt; Common::RandSample(int n, const QSet&lt;int&gt; &amp;values, bool unique)
     }
     return samples;
 }
+
+QList<float> Common::linspace(float start, float stop, int n) {
+    float delta = (stop - start) / (n - 1);
+    float curValue = start;
+    QList<float> spaced;
+    spaced.reserve(n);
+    spaced.append(start);
+    for (int i = 1; i < (n - 1); i++) {
+        spaced.append(curValue += delta);
+    }
+    spaced.append(stop);
+    return spaced;
+}
@@ -253,6 +253,11 @@ QList&lt;int&gt; RandSample(int n, const QList&lt;T&gt; &amp;weights, bool unique = false)
 }
  
 /*!
+ * \brief See Matlab function linspace() for documentation.
+ */
+QList<float> linspace(float start, float stop, int n);
+
+/*!
  * \brief See Matlab function unique() for documentation.
  */
 template <typename T>
@@ -254,6 +254,56 @@ struct AlgorithmCore
         Globals->blockSize = old_block_size;
     }
  
+    void deduplicate(const File &inputGallery, const File &outputGallery, const float threshold)
+    {
+        qDebug("Deduplicating %s to %s with a score threshold of %f", qPrintable(inputGallery.flat()), qPrintable(outputGallery.flat()), threshold);
+
+        if (distance.isNull()) qFatal("Null distance.");
+
+        QScopedPointer<Gallery> i;
+        FileList inputFiles;
+        retrieveOrEnroll(inputGallery, i, inputFiles);
+
+        TemplateList t = i->read();
+
+        Output *o = Output::make(QString("buffer.tail[selfSimilar,threshold=%1,atLeast=0]").arg(QString::number(threshold)),inputFiles,inputFiles);
+
+        // Compare to global tail output
+        distance->compare(t,t,o);
+
+        delete o;
+
+        QString buffer(Globals->buffer);
+
+        QStringList tail = buffer.split("\n");
+
+        // Remove header
+        tail.removeFirst();
+
+        QStringList toRemove;
+        foreach(const QString &s, tail)
+            toRemove.append(s.split(',').at(1));
+
+        QSet<QString> duplicates = QSet<QString>::fromList(toRemove);
+
+        QStringList fileNames = inputFiles.names();
+
+        QList<int> indices;
+        foreach(const QString &d, duplicates)
+            indices.append(fileNames.indexOf(d));
+
+        std::sort(indices.begin(),indices.end(),std::greater<float>());
+
+        qDebug("\n%d duplicates removed.", indices.size());
+
+        for (int i=0; i<indices.size(); i++)
+            inputFiles.removeAt(indices[i]);
+
+        QScopedPointer<Gallery> og(Gallery::make(outputGallery));
+
+        og->writeBlock(inputFiles);
+    }
+
     void compare(File targetGallery, File queryGallery, File output)
     {
         qDebug("Comparing %s and %s%s", qPrintable(targetGallery.flat()),
@@ -499,6 +549,14 @@ void br::Cat(const QStringList &amp;inputGalleries, const QString &amp;outputGallery)
     }
 }
  
+void br::Deduplicate(const File &inputGallery, const File &outputGallery, const QString &threshold)
+{
+    bool ok;
+    float thresh = threshold.toFloat(&ok);
+    if (ok) AlgorithmManager::getAlgorithm(inputGallery.get<QString>("algorithm"))->deduplicate(inputGallery, outputGallery, thresh);
+    else qFatal("Unable to convert deduplication threshold to float.");
+}
+
 QSharedPointer<br::Transform> br::Transform::fromAlgorithm(const QString &algorithm, bool preprocess)
 {
     if (!preprocess)
@@ -54,3 +54,16 @@ void printEigen(Eigen::MatrixXd X) {
         qDebug() << str;
     }
 }
+void printEigen(Eigen::MatrixXf X) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < X.rows(); i++) {
+        QString str;
+        for (int j = 0; j < X.cols(); j++) {
+            str.append(QString::number(X(i,j)) + " ");
+        }
+        qDebug() << str;
+    }
+}
+
+void printSize(Eigen::MatrixXf X) {
+    qDebug() << "Rows=" << X.rows() << "\tCols=" << X.cols();
+}
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ void writeEigen(Eigen::MatrixXd X, QString filename);
 void writeEigen(Eigen::VectorXd X, QString filename);
 void writeEigen(Eigen::VectorXf X, QString filename);
 void printEigen(Eigen::MatrixXd X);
+void printEigen(Eigen::MatrixXf X);
+void printSize(Eigen::MatrixXf X);
  
 template<typename _Scalar, int _Rows, int _Cols, int _Options, int _MaxRows, int _MaxCols>
 inline QDataStream &operator<<(QDataStream &stream, const Eigen::Matrix< _Scalar, _Rows, _Cols, _Options, _MaxRows, _MaxCols > &mat)
@@ -15,7 +15,9 @@
  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
  
 #include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui_c.h>
 #include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc_c.h>
 #include <openbr/openbr_plugin.h>
  
 #include "opencvutils.h"
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include <QString>
 #include <QStringList>
 #include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
+#include <assert.h>
  
 namespace OpenCVUtils
 {
 #include <QtConcurrentRun>
  
 #include "tail.h"
+#include <assert.h>
  
 using namespace br;
  
 #include <limits>
 #include <vector>
+#include <assert.h>
 #include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc_c.h>
 #include "utility.h"
  
 using namespace cv;
-Subproject commit 0eaa00f19256fee2f24033ff68b526ea6320624d
+Subproject commit f8d9c869c821cc032d092ab1274da8f3cabf5eb7
@@ -3,140 +3,138 @@
 #endif
  
 #include "janus.h"
+#include "janus_io.h"
 #include "openbr_plugin.h"
  
-// Use the provided default implementation of some functions
-#include "janus/src/janus.cpp"
-
 using namespace br;
  
 static QSharedPointer<Transform> transform;
 static QSharedPointer<Distance> distance;
  
+size_t janus_max_template_size()
+{
+    return 33554432; // 32 MB
+}
+
 janus_error janus_initialize(const char *sdk_path, const char *model_file)
 {
     int argc = 1;
     const char *argv[1] = { "janus" };
     Context::initialize(argc, (char**)argv, sdk_path);
     QString algorithm = model_file;
-    if (algorithm.isEmpty()) algorithm = "Cvt(Gray)+Affine(88,88,0.25,0.35)+<FaceRecognitionExtraction>+<FaceRecognitionEmbedding>+<FaceRecognitionQuantization>:ByteL1";
-    transform = Transform::fromAlgorithm(algorithm, false);
-    distance = Distance::fromAlgorithm(algorithm);
+    if (algorithm.isEmpty()) {
+        transform = Transform::fromAlgorithm("Cvt(Gray)+Affine(88,88,0.25,0.35)+<FaceRecognitionExtraction>+<FaceRecognitionEmbedding>+<FaceRecognitionQuantization>", false);
+        distance = Distance::fromAlgorithm("FaceRecognition");
+    } else if (algorithm == "PP5") {
+        transform.reset(Transform::make("PP5Enroll", NULL));
+        distance.reset(Distance::make("PP5Compare", NULL));
+    } else {
+        transform = Transform::fromAlgorithm(algorithm, false);
+        distance = Distance::fromAlgorithm(algorithm);
+    }
     return JANUS_SUCCESS;
 }
  
 janus_error janus_finalize()
 {
+    transform.reset();
+    distance.reset();
     Context::finalize();
     return JANUS_SUCCESS;
 }
  
-struct janus_incomplete_template_type
-{
-    QList<cv::Mat> data;
-};
+struct janus_template_type : public Template
+{};
  
-janus_error janus_initialize_template(janus_incomplete_template *incomplete_template)
+janus_error janus_initialize_template(janus_template *template_)
 {
-    *incomplete_template = new janus_incomplete_template_type();
+    *template_ = new janus_template_type();
     return JANUS_SUCCESS;
 }
  
-janus_error janus_add_image(const janus_image image, const janus_attribute_list attributes, janus_incomplete_template incomplete_template)
+janus_error janus_augment(const janus_image image, const janus_attribute_list attributes, janus_template template_)
 {
     Template t;
     t.append(cv::Mat(image.height,
                      image.width,
-                     image.color_space == JANUS_GRAY8 ? CV_8UC1 : CV_8UC1,
+                     image.color_space == JANUS_GRAY8 ? CV_8UC1 : CV_8UC3,
                      image.data));
     for (size_t i=0; i<attributes.size; i++)
         t.file.set(janus_attribute_to_string(attributes.attributes[i]), attributes.values[i]);
  
-    if (!t.file.contains("JANUS_RIGHT_EYE_X") ||
-        !t.file.contains("JANUS_RIGHT_EYE_Y") ||
-        !t.file.contains("JANUS_LEFT_EYE_X") ||
-        !t.file.contains("JANUS_LEFT_EYE_Y"))
+    if (!t.file.contains("RIGHT_EYE_X") ||
+        !t.file.contains("RIGHT_EYE_Y") ||
+        !t.file.contains("LEFT_EYE_X") ||
+        !t.file.contains("LEFT_EYE_Y"))
         return JANUS_SUCCESS;
  
-    t.file.set("Affine_0", QPointF(t.file.get<float>("JANUS_RIGHT_EYE_X"), t.file.get<float>("JANUS_RIGHT_EYE_Y")));
-    t.file.set("Affine_1", QPointF(t.file.get<float>("JANUS_LEFT_EYE_X"), t.file.get<float>("JANUS_LEFT_EYE_Y")));
+    t.file.set("Affine_0", QPointF(t.file.get<float>("RIGHT_EYE_X"), t.file.get<float>("RIGHT_EYE_Y")));
+    t.file.set("Affine_1", QPointF(t.file.get<float>("LEFT_EYE_X"), t.file.get<float>("LEFT_EYE_Y")));
     Template u;
     transform->project(t, u);
-    incomplete_template->data.append(u);
+    template_->append(u);
     return JANUS_SUCCESS;
 }
  
-janus_error janus_finalize_template(janus_incomplete_template incomplete_template, janus_template template_, size_t *bytes)
+janus_error janus_finalize_template(janus_template template_, janus_flat_template flat_template, size_t *bytes)
 {    
-    size_t templateBytes = 0;
-    size_t numTemplates = 0;
-    *bytes = sizeof(templateBytes) + sizeof(numTemplates);
-    janus_template pos = template_ + *bytes;
-
-    foreach (const cv::Mat &m, incomplete_template->data) {
+    foreach (const cv::Mat &m, *template_) {
         assert(m.isContinuous());
-        const size_t currentTemplateBytes = m.rows * m.cols * m.elemSize();
-        if (templateBytes == 0)
-            templateBytes = currentTemplateBytes;
-        if (templateBytes != currentTemplateBytes)
-            return JANUS_UNKNOWN_ERROR;
-        if (*bytes + templateBytes > janus_max_template_size())
+        const size_t templateBytes = m.rows * m.cols * m.elemSize();
+        if (*bytes + sizeof(size_t) + templateBytes > janus_max_template_size())
             break;
-        memcpy(pos, m.data, templateBytes);
-        *bytes += templateBytes;
-        pos = pos + templateBytes;
-        numTemplates++;
+        memcpy(flat_template, &templateBytes, sizeof(templateBytes));
+        flat_template += sizeof(templateBytes);
+        memcpy(flat_template, m.data, templateBytes);
+        flat_template += templateBytes;
+        *bytes += sizeof(size_t) + templateBytes;
     }
  
-    *(reinterpret_cast<size_t*>(template_)+0) = templateBytes;
-    *(reinterpret_cast<size_t*>(template_)+1) = numTemplates;
-    delete incomplete_template;
+    delete template_;
     return JANUS_SUCCESS;
 }
  
-janus_error janus_verify(const janus_template a, const size_t a_bytes, const janus_template b, const size_t b_bytes, double *similarity)
+janus_error janus_verify(const janus_flat_template a, const size_t a_bytes, const janus_flat_template b, const size_t b_bytes, double *similarity)
 {
-    (void) a_bytes;
-    (void) b_bytes;
-
-    size_t a_template_bytes, a_templates, b_template_bytes, b_templates;
-    a_template_bytes = *(reinterpret_cast<size_t*>(a)+0);
-    a_templates = *(reinterpret_cast<size_t*>(a)+1);
-    b_template_bytes = *(reinterpret_cast<size_t*>(b)+0);
-    b_templates = *(reinterpret_cast<size_t*>(b)+1);
-    if (a_template_bytes != b_template_bytes)
-        return JANUS_UNKNOWN_ERROR;
+    *similarity = 0;
  
-    float dist = 0;
-    for (size_t i=0; i<a_templates; i++)
-        for (size_t j=0; j<b_templates; j++)
-            dist += distance->compare(cv::Mat(1, a_template_bytes, CV_8UC1, a+2*sizeof(size_t)+i*a_template_bytes),
-                                      cv::Mat(1, b_template_bytes, CV_8UC1, b+2*sizeof(size_t)+i*b_template_bytes));
-    *similarity = a_templates * b_templates / dist;
-    return JANUS_SUCCESS;
-}
+    int comparisons = 0;
+    janus_flat_template a_template = a;
+    while (a_template < a + a_bytes) {
+        const size_t a_template_bytes = *reinterpret_cast<size_t*>(a_template);
+        a_template += sizeof(a_template_bytes);
  
-struct janus_incomplete_gallery_type
-{
-    QList< QPair<janus_template, janus_template_id> > templates;
-};
+        janus_flat_template b_template = b;
+        while (b_template < b + b_bytes) {
+                const size_t b_template_bytes = *reinterpret_cast<size_t*>(b_template);
+                b_template += sizeof(b_template_bytes);
  
-janus_error janus_initialize_gallery(janus_incomplete_gallery *incomplete_gallery)
-{
-    *incomplete_gallery = new janus_incomplete_gallery_type();
-    return JANUS_SUCCESS;
-}
+                *similarity += distance->compare(cv::Mat(1, a_template_bytes, CV_8UC1, a_template),
+                                                 cv::Mat(1, b_template_bytes, CV_8UC1, b_template));
+                comparisons++;
  
-janus_error janus_add_template(const janus_template template_, const size_t bytes, const janus_template_id template_id, janus_incomplete_gallery incomplete_gallery)
-{
-    (void) bytes;
-    incomplete_gallery->templates.append(QPair<janus_template, janus_template_id>(template_, template_id));
+                b_template += b_template_bytes;
+        }
+
+        a_template += a_template_bytes;
+    }
+
+    if (*similarity != *similarity) // True for NaN
+        return JANUS_UNKNOWN_ERROR;
+
+    *similarity /= comparisons;
     return JANUS_SUCCESS;
 }
  
-janus_error janus_finalize_gallery(janus_incomplete_gallery incomplete_gallery, const char *gallery_file)
+janus_error janus_enroll(const janus_template template_, const janus_template_id template_id, janus_gallery gallery)
 {
-    (void) incomplete_gallery;
-    (void) gallery_file;
+    template_->file.set("TEMPLATE_ID", template_id);
+    QFile file(gallery);
+    if (!file.open(QFile::WriteOnly | QFile::Append))
+        return JANUS_WRITE_ERROR;
+    QDataStream stream(&file);
+    stream << *template_;
+    file.close();
+    delete template_;
     return JANUS_SUCCESS;
 }
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 #include "core/qtutils.h"
 #include "plugins/openbr_internal.h"
 #include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui_c.h>
  
 using namespace br;
  
@@ -121,9 +122,9 @@ void br_fuse(int num_input_simmats, const char *input_simmats[],
     Fuse(QtUtils::toStringList(num_input_simmats, input_simmats), normalization, fusion, output_simmat);
 }
  
-void br_initialize(int &argc, char *argv[], const char *sdk_path)
+void br_initialize(int &argc, char *argv[], const char *sdk_path, bool use_gui)
 {
-    Context::initialize(argc, argv, sdk_path);
+    Context::initialize(argc, argv, sdk_path, use_gui);
 }
  
 void br_initialize_default()
@@ -381,8 +382,9 @@ bool br_img_is_empty(br_template tmpl)
  
 const char* br_get_filename(br_template tmpl)
 {
-    Template *t = reinterpret_cast<Template*>(tmpl);
-    return t->file.name.toStdString().c_str();
+    static QByteArray buffer;
+    buffer = reinterpret_cast<Template*>(tmpl)->file.name.toLocal8Bit();
+    return buffer.data();
 }
  
 void br_set_filename(br_template tmpl, const char *filename)
@@ -470,3 +472,8 @@ void br_close_gallery(br_gallery gallery)
     Gallery *gal = reinterpret_cast<Gallery*>(gallery);
     delete gal;
 }
+
+void br_deduplicate(const char *input_gallery, const char *output_gallery, const char *threshold)
+{
+    br::Deduplicate(input_gallery, output_gallery, threshold);
+}
@@ -67,6 +67,17 @@ BR_EXPORT const char *br_about();
 BR_EXPORT void br_cat(int num_input_galleries, const char *input_galleries[], const char *output_gallery);
  
 /*!
+ * \brief Removes duplicate templates in a gallery.
+ * \param input_gallery Gallery to be deduplicated.
+ * \param output_gallery Deduplicated gallery.
+ * \param threshold Comparisons with a match score >= this value are designated to be duplicates.
+ * \note If a gallery contains n duplicates, the first n-1 duplicates in the gallery will be removed and the nth will be kept.
+ * \note Users are encouraged to use binary gallery formats as the entire gallery is read into memory in one call to Gallery::read.
+ */
+
+BR_EXPORT void br_deduplicate(const char *input_gallery, const char *output_gallery, const char *threshold);
+
+/*!
  * \brief Clusters one or more similarity matrices into a list of subjects.
  *
  * A similarity matrix is a type of br::Output. The current clustering algorithm is a simplified implementation of \cite zhu11.
@@ -213,7 +224,7 @@ BR_EXPORT void br_fuse(int num_input_simmats, const char *input_simmats[],
  * \brief Wraps br::Context::initialize()
  * \see br_finalize
  */
-BR_EXPORT void br_initialize(int &argc, char *argv[], const char *sdk_path = "");
+BR_EXPORT void br_initialize(int &argc, char *argv[], const char *sdk_path = "", bool use_gui = false);
 /*!
  * \brief Wraps br::Context::initialize() with default arguments.
  * \see br_finalize
@@ -44,12 +44,6 @@ using namespace cv;
  
 Q_DECLARE_METATYPE(QLocalSocket::LocalSocketState)
  
-// Some globals used to transfer data to Context::messageHandler so that
-// we can restart the process if we try and fail to create a QApplication.
-static bool creating_qapp = false;
-static int * argc_ptr = NULL;
-static char ** argv_ptr = NULL;
-
 /* File - public methods */
 // Note that the convention for displaying metadata is as follows:
 // [] for lists in which argument order does not matter (e.g. [FTO=false, Index=0]),
@@ -848,13 +842,7 @@ int br::Context::blocks(int size) const
  
 bool br::Context::contains(const QString &name)
 {
-    QByteArray bytes = name.toLocal8Bit();
-    const char * c_name = bytes.constData();
-
-    for (int i=0; i<metaObject()->propertyCount(); i++)
-        if (!strcmp(c_name, metaObject()->property(i).name()))
-            return true;
-    return false;
+    return property(qPrintable(name)).isValid();
 }
  
 void br::Context::printStatus()
@@ -907,42 +895,30 @@ bool br::Context::checkSDKPath(const QString &amp;sdkPath)
 // We create our own when the user hasn't
 static QCoreApplication *application = NULL;
  
-void br::Context::initialize(int &argc, char *argv[], QString sdkPath, bool use_gui)
+void br::Context::initialize(int &argc, char *argv[], QString sdkPath, bool useGui)
 {
-    for (int i=0; i < argc; i ++)
-    {
-        if (strcmp("-useGui", argv[i]) == 0) {
-            const char * val = i+1 < argc ? argv[i+1] : "";
-            if (strcmp(val, "false") ==0 || strcmp(val, "0") == 0)
-                use_gui = false;
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-
     qInstallMessageHandler(messageHandler);
  
+    QString sep;
+#ifndef _WIN32
+    useGui = useGui && (getenv("DISPLAY") != NULL);
+    sep = ":";
+#else
+    sep = ";";
+#endif // not _WIN32
+
     // We take in argc as a reference due to:
     //   https://bugreports.qt-project.org/browse/QTBUG-5637
     // QApplication should be initialized before anything else.
     // Since we can't ensure that it gets deleted last, we never delete it.
     if (QCoreApplication::instance() == NULL) {
 #ifndef BR_EMBEDDED
-        if (use_gui) {
-            // Set up variables to be used in the message handler if this fails.
-            // Just so you know, we
-            creating_qapp = true;
-            argc_ptr = &argc;
-            argv_ptr = argv;
-
-            application = new QApplication(argc, argv);
-            creating_qapp = false;
-        }
-        else {
-            application = new QCoreApplication(argc, argv);
-        }
-#else
+        if (useGui) application = new QApplication(argc, argv);
+        else        application = new QCoreApplication(argc, argv);
+#else // not BR_EMBEDDED
+        useGui = false;
         application = new QCoreApplication(argc, argv);
-#endif
+#endif // BR_EMBEDDED
     }
  
     QCoreApplication::setOrganizationName(COMPANY_NAME);
@@ -965,14 +941,14 @@ void br::Context::initialize(int &amp;argc, char *argv[], QString sdkPath, bool use_
  
     Globals = new Context();
     Globals->init(File());
-    Globals->useGui = use_gui;
-
+    Globals->useGui = useGui;
  
     Common::seedRNG();
  
     // Search for SDK
     if (sdkPath.isEmpty()) {
         QStringList checkPaths; checkPaths << QDir::currentPath() << QCoreApplication::applicationDirPath();
+        checkPaths << QString(getenv("PATH")).split(sep, QString::SkipEmptyParts);
  
         bool foundSDK = false;
         foreach (const QString &path, checkPaths) {
@@ -1035,26 +1011,6 @@ void br::Context::messageHandler(QtMsgType type, const QMessageLogContext &amp;conte
     static QMutex generalLock;
     QMutexLocker locker(&generalLock);
  
-    // If we are trying to create a QApplication, and get a fatal, then restart the process
-    // with useGui set to 0.
-    if (creating_qapp && type == QtFatalMsg)
-    {
-        // re-launch process with useGui = 0
-        std::cout << "Failed to initialize gui, restarting with -useGui 0" << std::endl;
-        QStringList arguments;
-        arguments.append("-useGui");
-        arguments.append("0");
-        for (int i=1; i < *argc_ptr; i++)
-        {
-            arguments.append(argv_ptr[i]);
-        }
-        // QProcess::execute blocks until the other process completes.
-        QProcess::execute(argv_ptr[0], arguments);
-        // have to unlock this for some reason
-        locker.unlock();
-        std::exit(0);
-    }
-
     QString txt;
     if (type == QtDebugMsg) {
         if (Globals->quiet) return;
@@ -1076,8 +1032,13 @@ void br::Context::messageHandler(QtMsgType type, const QMessageLogContext &amp;conte
         Globals->logFile.flush();
     }
  
-    if (type == QtFatalMsg)
+    if (type == QtFatalMsg) {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+        QCoreApplication::quit(); // abort() hangs the console on Windows for some reason related to the event loop not being exited
+#else // not _WIN32
         abort(); // We abort so we can get a stack trace back to the code that triggered the message.
+#endif // _WIN32
+    }
 }
  
 Context *br::Globals = NULL;
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
 #include <QVector>
 #include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
 #include <openbr/openbr.h>
+#include <assert.h>
  
 /*!
  * \defgroup cpp_plugin_sdk C++ Plugin SDK
@@ -794,12 +795,12 @@ public:
      *                 By default <tt>share/openbr/openbr.bib</tt> will be searched for relative to:
      *                   -# The working directory
      *                   -# The executable's location
-     * \param use_gui Create a QApplication instead of a QCoreApplication.
+     * \param useGui Create a QApplication instead of a QCoreApplication.
      * \note Tiggers \em abort() on failure to locate <tt>share/openbr/openbr.bib</tt>.
      * \note <a href="http://qt-project.org/">Qt</a> users should instead call this <i>after</i> initializing QApplication.
      * \see finalize
      */
-    static void initialize(int &argc, char *argv[], QString sdkPath = "", bool use_gui = true);
+    static void initialize(int &argc, char *argv[], QString sdkPath = "", bool useGui = true);
  
     /*!
      * \brief Call \em once at the end of the application to deallocate global variables.
@@ -1371,6 +1372,14 @@ BR_EXPORT void Convert(const File &amp;fileType, const File &amp;inputFile, const File &amp;
  */
 BR_EXPORT void Cat(const QStringList &inputGalleries, const QString &outputGallery);
  
+/*!
+ * \brief Deduplicate a gallery.
+ * \param inputGallery Gallery to deduplicate.
+ * \param outputGallery Gallery to store the deduplicated result.
+ * \param threshold Match score threshold to determine duplicates.
+ */
+BR_EXPORT void Deduplicate(const File &inputGallery, const File &outputGallery, const QString &threshold);
+
 /*! @}*/
  
 } // namespace br
@@ -50,6 +50,9 @@ class AlgorithmsInitializer : public Initializer
         Globals->abbreviations.insert("DisplayVideo", "Stream(FPSLimit(30)+Show(false,[FrameNumber])+Discard)");
         Globals->abbreviations.insert("PerFrameDetection", "Stream(SaveMat(original)+Cvt(Gray)+Cascade(FrontalFace)+ASEFEyes+RestoreMat(original)+Draw(inPlace=true)+Show(false,[FrameNumber])+Discard)");
         Globals->abbreviations.insert("AgeGenderDemo", "Stream(SaveMat(original)+Cvt(Gray)+Cascade(FrontalFace)+Expand+<FaceClassificationRegistration>+<FaceClassificationExtraction>+<AgeRegressor>/<GenderClassifier>+Discard+RestoreMat(original)+Draw(inPlace=true)+DrawPropertiesPoint([Age,Gender],Affine_0,inPlace=true)+SaveMat(original)+Discard+Contract+RestoreMat(original)+FPSCalc+Show(false,[AvgFPS,Age,Gender])+Discard)");
+        Globals->abbreviations.insert("ShowOpticalFlowField", "Stream(SaveMat(original)+AggregateFrames(2)+OpticalFlow(useMagnitude=false)+Grid(100,100)+DrawOpticalFlow+FPSLimit(30)+Show(false)+Discard)");
+        Globals->abbreviations.insert("ShowOpticalFlowMagnitude", "Stream(AggregateFrames(2)+OpticalFlow+Normalize(Range,false,0,255)+Cvt(Color)+Draw+FPSLimit(30)+Show(false)+Discard)");
+        Globals->abbreviations.insert("ShowMotionSegmentation", "Stream(DropFrames(5)+AggregateFrames(2)+OpticalFlow+CvtUChar+WatershedSegmentation+DrawSegmentation+Draw+FPSLimit(30)+Show(false)+Discard)");
  
         Globals->abbreviations.insert("HOG", "Stream(DropFrames(5)+Cvt(Gray)+Grid(5,5)+ROIFromPts(32,24)+Expand+Resize(32,32)+Gradient+RectRegions+Bin(0,360,8)+Hist(8)+Cat)+Contract+CatRows+KMeans(500)+Hist(500)+SVM");
         Globals->abbreviations.insert("HOF", "Stream(DropFrames(5)+Grid(5,5)+AggregateFrames(2)+OpticalFlow+ROIFromPts(32,24)+Expand+Resize(32,32)+Gradient+RectRegions+Bin(0,360,8)+Hist(8)+Cat)+Contract+CatRows+KMeans(500)+Hist(500)");
@@ -76,7 +79,7 @@ class AlgorithmsInitializer : public Initializer
         Globals->abbreviations.insert("ColoredLBP", "Open+Affine(128,128,0.37,0.45)+Cvt(Gray)+Blur(1.1)+Gamma(0.2)+DoG(1,2)+ContrastEq(0.1,10)+LBP(1,2)+ColoredU2");
  
         // Transforms
-        Globals->abbreviations.insert("FaceDetection", "(Open+Cvt(Gray)+Cascade(FrontalFace))");
+        Globals->abbreviations.insert("FaceDetection", "Open+Cvt(Gray)+Cascade(FrontalFace)");
         Globals->abbreviations.insert("DenseLBP", "(Blur(1.1)+Gamma(0.2)+DoG(1,2)+ContrastEq(0.1,10)+LBP(1,2)+RectRegions(8,8,6,6)+Hist(59))");
         Globals->abbreviations.insert("DenseSIFT", "(Grid(10,10)+SIFTDescriptor(12)+ByRow)");
         Globals->abbreviations.insert("FaceRecognitionRegistration", "(ASEFEyes+Affine(88,88,0.25,0.35)+DownsampleTraining(FTE(DFFS),instances=1))");
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
  
 #include <opencv2/objdetect/objdetect.hpp>
+//#include <opencv2/objdetect/objdetect_c.h>
 #include "openbr_internal.h"
 #include "openbr/core/opencvutils.h"
 #include "openbr/core/resource.h"
@@ -86,11 +87,11 @@ class CascadeTransform : public UntrainableMetaTransform
  
             for (int i=0; i<t.size(); i++) {
                 const Mat &m = t[i];
-                vector<Rect> rects;
-                vector<int> rejectLevels;
-                vector<double> levelWeights;
-                if (ROCMode) cascade->detectMultiScale(m, rects, rejectLevels, levelWeights, 1.2, 5, (enrollAll ? 0 : CV_HAAR_FIND_BIGGEST_OBJECT) | CV_HAAR_SCALE_IMAGE, Size(minSize, minSize), Size(), true);
-                else         cascade->detectMultiScale(m, rects, 1.2, 5, enrollAll ? 0 : CV_HAAR_FIND_BIGGEST_OBJECT, Size(minSize, minSize));
+                std::vector<Rect> rects;
+                std::vector<int> rejectLevels;
+                std::vector<double> levelWeights;
+                if (ROCMode) cascade->detectMultiScale(m, rects, rejectLevels, levelWeights, 1.2, 5, (enrollAll ? 0 : CASCADE_FIND_BIGGEST_OBJECT) | CASCADE_SCALE_IMAGE, Size(minSize, minSize), Size(), true);
+                else         cascade->detectMultiScale(m, rects, 1.2, 5, enrollAll ? 0 : CASCADE_FIND_BIGGEST_OBJECT, Size(minSize, minSize));
  
                 if (!enrollAll && rects.empty())
                     rects.push_back(Rect(0, 0, m.cols, m.rows));
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.                                            *
  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
  
+#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc_c.h>
 #include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
 #include "openbr_internal.h"
 #include "openbr/core/opencvutils.h"
@@ -44,7 +45,8 @@ public:
                       Luv = CV_BGR2Luv,
                       RGB = CV_BGR2RGB,
                       XYZ = CV_BGR2XYZ,
-                      YCrCb = CV_BGR2YCrCb };
+                      YCrCb = CV_BGR2YCrCb,
+                      Color = CV_GRAY2BGR };
  
 private:
     BR_PROPERTY(ColorSpace, colorSpace, Gray)
@@ -52,8 +54,8 @@ private:
  
     void project(const Template &src, Template &dst) const
     {
-        if (src.m().channels() > 1) cvtColor(src, dst, colorSpace);
-        else                        dst = src;
+        if (src.m().channels() > 1 || colorSpace == CV_GRAY2BGR) cvtColor(src, dst, colorSpace);
+        else dst = src;
  
         if (channel != -1) {
             std::vector<Mat> mv;
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include <QtConcurrentRun>
 #include <numeric>
 #include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc_c.h>
 #include "openbr_internal.h"
  
 #include "openbr/core/distance_sse.h"
@@ -61,6 +62,7 @@ private:
             (a.m().type() != b.m().type()))
                 return -std::numeric_limits<float>::max();
  
+// TODO: this max value is never returned based on the switch / default 
         float result = std::numeric_limits<float>::max();
         switch (metric) {
           case Correlation:
@@ -386,5 +388,67 @@ class OnlineDistance : public Distance
  
 BR_REGISTER(Distance, OnlineDistance)
  
+/*!
+ * \ingroup distances
+ * \brief Attenuation function based distance from attributes
+ * \author Scott Klum \cite sklum
+ */
+class AttributeDistance : public Distance
+{
+    Q_OBJECT
+    Q_PROPERTY(QString attribute READ get_attribute WRITE set_attribute RESET reset_attribute STORED false)
+    BR_PROPERTY(QString, attribute, QString())
+
+    float compare(const Template &target, const Template &query) const
+    {
+        float queryValue = query.file.get<float>(attribute);
+        float targetValue = target.file.get<float>(attribute);
+
+        // TODO: Set this magic number to something meaningful
+        float stddev = 1;
+
+        if (queryValue == targetValue) return 1;
+        else return 1/(stddev*sqrt(2*CV_PI))*exp(-0.5*pow((targetValue-queryValue)/stddev, 2));
+    }
+};
+
+BR_REGISTER(Distance, AttributeDistance)
+
+/*!
+ * \ingroup distances
+ * \brief Sum match scores across multiple distances
+ * \author Scott Klum \cite sklum
+ */
+class SumDistance : public Distance
+{
+    Q_OBJECT
+    Q_PROPERTY(QList<br::Distance*> distances READ get_distances WRITE set_distances RESET reset_distances)
+    BR_PROPERTY(QList<br::Distance*>, distances, QList<br::Distance*>())
+
+    void train(const TemplateList &data)
+    {
+        QFutureSynchronizer<void> futures;
+        foreach (br::Distance *distance, distances)
+            futures.addFuture(QtConcurrent::run(distance, &Distance::train, data));
+        futures.waitForFinished();
+    }
+
+    float compare(const Template &target, const Template &query) const
+    {
+        float result = 0;
+
+        foreach (br::Distance *distance, distances) {
+            result += distance->compare(target, query);
+
+            if (result == -std::numeric_limits<float>::max())
+                return result;
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+};
+
+BR_REGISTER(Distance, SumDistance)
+
 } // namespace br
 #include "distance.moc"
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
  
 #include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui_c.h>
 #include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
 #include <vector>
 #include "openbr_internal.h"
@@ -40,10 +41,12 @@ class DrawTransform : public UntrainableTransform
     Q_PROPERTY(bool points READ get_points WRITE set_points RESET reset_points STORED false)
     Q_PROPERTY(bool rects READ get_rects WRITE set_rects RESET reset_rects STORED false)
     Q_PROPERTY(bool inPlace READ get_inPlace WRITE set_inPlace RESET reset_inPlace STORED false)
+    Q_PROPERTY(int lineThickness READ get_lineThickness WRITE set_lineThickness RESET reset_lineThickness STORED false)
     BR_PROPERTY(bool, verbose, false)
     BR_PROPERTY(bool, points, true)
     BR_PROPERTY(bool, rects, true)
     BR_PROPERTY(bool, inPlace, false)
+    BR_PROPERTY(int, lineThickness, 1)
  
     void project(const Template &src, Template &dst) const
     {
@@ -61,7 +64,7 @@ class DrawTransform : public UntrainableTransform
         }
         if (rects) {
             foreach (const Rect &rect, OpenCVUtils::toRects(src.file.namedRects() + src.file.rects()))
-                rectangle(dst, rect, color);
+                rectangle(dst, rect, color, lineThickness);
         }
     }
 };
@@ -343,6 +346,75 @@ class AdjacentOverlayTransform : public Transform
  
 BR_REGISTER(Transform, AdjacentOverlayTransform)
  
+/*!
+ * \ingroup transforms
+ * \brief Draw a line representing the direction and magnitude of optical flow at the specified points.
+ * \author Austin Blanton \cite imaus10
+ */
+class DrawOpticalFlow : public UntrainableTransform
+{
+    Q_OBJECT
+    Q_PROPERTY(QString original READ get_original WRITE set_original RESET reset_original STORED false)
+    BR_PROPERTY(QString, original, "original")
+
+    void project(const Template &src, Template &dst) const
+    {
+        const Scalar color(0,255,0);
+        Mat flow = src.m();
+        dst = src;
+        if (!dst.file.contains(original)) qFatal("The original img must be saved in the metadata with SaveMat.");
+        dst.m() = dst.file.get<Mat>(original);
+        dst.file.remove(original);
+        foreach (const Point2f &pt, OpenCVUtils::toPoints(dst.file.points())) {
+            Point2f dxy = flow.at<Point2f>(pt.y, pt.x);
+            Point2f newPt(pt.x+dxy.x, pt.y+dxy.y);
+            line(dst, pt, newPt, color);
+        }
+    }
+};
+BR_REGISTER(Transform, DrawOpticalFlow)
+
+/*!
+ * \ingroup transforms
+ * \brief Fill in the segmentations or draw a line between intersecting segments.
+ * \author Austin Blanton \cite imaus10
+ */
+class DrawSegmentation : public UntrainableTransform
+{
+    Q_OBJECT
+    Q_PROPERTY(bool fillSegment READ get_fillSegment WRITE set_fillSegment RESET reset_fillSegment STORED false)
+    BR_PROPERTY(bool, fillSegment, true)
+
+    void project(const Template &src, Template &dst) const
+    {
+        if (!src.file.contains("SegmentsMask") || !src.file.contains("NumSegments")) qFatal("Must supply a Contours object in the metadata to drawContours.");
+        Mat segments = src.file.get<Mat>("SegmentsMask");
+        int numSegments = src.file.get<int>("NumSegments");
+
+        dst.file = src.file;
+        Mat drawn = fillSegment ? Mat(segments.size(), CV_8UC3, Scalar::all(0)) : src.m();
+
+        for (int i=1; i<numSegments+1; i++) {
+            Mat mask = segments == i;
+            if (fillSegment) { // color the whole segment
+                // set to a random color - get ready for a craaaazy acid trip
+                int b = theRNG().uniform(0, 255);
+                int g = theRNG().uniform(0, 255);
+                int r = theRNG().uniform(0, 255);
+                drawn.setTo(Scalar(r,g,b), mask);
+            } else { // draw lines where there's a color change
+                vector<vector<Point> > contours;
+                Scalar color(0,255,0);
+                findContours(mask, contours, CV_RETR_LIST, CV_CHAIN_APPROX_NONE);
+                drawContours(drawn, contours, -1, color);
+            }
+        }
+
+        dst.m() = drawn;
+    }
+};
+BR_REGISTER(Transform, DrawSegmentation)
+
 // TODO: re-implement EditTransform using Qt
 #if 0
 /*!
@@ -302,8 +302,8 @@ class LDATransform : public Transform
     Q_PROPERTY(int directLDA READ get_directLDA WRITE set_directLDA RESET reset_directLDA STORED false)
     Q_PROPERTY(float directDrop READ get_directDrop WRITE set_directDrop RESET reset_directDrop STORED false)
     Q_PROPERTY(QString inputVariable READ get_inputVariable WRITE set_inputVariable RESET reset_inputVariable STORED false)
-    Q_PROPERTY(bool isBinary READ get_isBinary WRITE set_isBinary RESET reset_isBinary STORED true)
-    Q_PROPERTY(bool normalize READ get_normalize WRITE set_normalize RESET reset_normalize STORED true)
+    Q_PROPERTY(bool isBinary READ get_isBinary WRITE set_isBinary RESET reset_isBinary STORED false)
+    Q_PROPERTY(bool normalize READ get_normalize WRITE set_normalize RESET reset_normalize STORED false)
     BR_PROPERTY(float, pcaKeep, 0.98)
     BR_PROPERTY(bool, pcaWhiten, false)
     BR_PROPERTY(int, directLDA, 0)
@@ -316,12 +316,6 @@ class LDATransform : public Transform
     Eigen::VectorXf mean;
     Eigen::MatrixXf projection;
     float stdDev;
-    bool trained;
-
-    void init()
-    {
-        trained = false;
-    }
  
     void train(const TemplateList &_trainingSet)
     {
@@ -461,9 +455,9 @@ class LDATransform : public Transform
         projection = ((space2.eVecs.transpose() * space1.eVecs.transpose()) * pca.eVecs.transpose()).transpose();
         dimsOut = dim2;
  
+        stdDev = 1; // default initialize
         if (isBinary) {
             assert(dimsOut == 1);
-            TemplateList projected;
             float posVal = 0;
             float negVal = 0;
             Eigen::MatrixXf results(trainingSet.size(),1);
@@ -493,8 +487,6 @@ class LDATransform : public Transform
             if (normalize)
                 stdDev = sqrt(results.array().square().sum() / trainingSet.size());
         }
-
-        trained = true;
     }
  
     void project(const Template &src, Template &dst) const
@@ -508,18 +500,22 @@ class LDATransform : public Transform
         // Do projection
         outMap = projection.transpose() * (inMap - mean);
  
-        if (normalize && isBinary && trained)
+        if (normalize && isBinary)
             dst.m().at<float>(0,0) = dst.m().at<float>(0,0) / stdDev;
     }
  
     void store(QDataStream &stream) const
     {
-        stream << pcaKeep << directLDA << directDrop << dimsOut << mean << projection << stdDev << normalize << isBinary << trained;
+        stream << pcaKeep << directLDA << directDrop << dimsOut << mean << projection;
+        if (normalize && isBinary)
+            stream << stdDev;
     }
  
     void load(QDataStream &stream)
     {
-        stream >> pcaKeep >> directLDA >> directDrop >> dimsOut >> mean >> projection >> stdDev >> normalize >> isBinary >> trained;
+        stream >> pcaKeep >> directLDA >> directDrop >> dimsOut >> mean >> projection;
+        if (normalize && isBinary)
+            stream >> stdDev;
     }
 };
  
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 */
  
 #include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc_c.h>
 #include "openbr_internal.h"
 #include "openbr/core/opencvutils.h"
  
@@ -16,10 +16,12 @@
  
 #include <QDate>
 #include <QSize>
+#include <QChar>
 #ifndef BR_EMBEDDED
 #include <QtXml>
 #endif // BR_EMBEDDED
 #include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui_c.h>
 #include "openbr_internal.h"
  
 #include "openbr/core/bee.h"
@@ -719,7 +721,7 @@ BR_REGISTER(Format, xmlFormat)
 /*!
  * \ingroup formats
  * \brief Reads in scores or ground truth from a text table.
- * \author Josh Klontz
+ * \author Josh Klontz \cite jklontz
  *
  * Example of the format:
  * \code
@@ -768,6 +770,90 @@ class scoresFormat : public Format
  
 BR_REGISTER(Format, scoresFormat)
  
+/*!
+ * \ingroup formats
+ * \brief Reads FBI EBTS transactions.
+ * \author Scott Klum \cite sklum
+ * https://www.fbibiospecs.org/ebts.html
+ * \note This will fail if a binary blob contains any of the fields attempt to locate within the file
+ */
+class ebtsFormat : public Format
+{
+    Q_OBJECT
+
+    QString textFieldValue(const QByteArray &byteArray, const QString &fieldNumber, int from = 0) const
+    {
+        // Find the field, skip the number bytes, and account for the semicolon
+        int fieldPosition = byteArray.indexOf(fieldNumber, from) + fieldNumber.size() + 1;
+        int sepPosition = byteArray.indexOf(QChar(0x1D),fieldPosition);
+
+        return byteArray.mid(fieldPosition,sepPosition-fieldPosition);
+    }
+
+    Template read() const
+    {
+        QByteArray byteArray;
+        QtUtils::readFile(file, byteArray);
+
+        Template t;
+
+        Mat m;
+
+        // Demographics
+        {
+            QString name = textFieldValue(byteArray, "2.018");
+            QStringList names = name.split(',');
+            t.file.set("FIRSTNAME", names.at(1));
+            t.file.set("LASTNAME", names.at(0));
+            t.file.set("DOB", textFieldValue(byteArray, "2.022").toInt());
+            t.file.set("GENDER", textFieldValue(byteArray, "2.024"));
+            t.file.set("RACE", textFieldValue(byteArray, "2.025"));
+        }
+
+        // Mugshot (first in file used)
+        // Todo: Check for face designation
+        {
+            const QString imageRecord = "10.001:";
+            const QString imageDataRecord = "10.999:";
+
+            int fieldPosition = byteArray.indexOf(imageRecord);
+
+            if (fieldPosition != -1) {
+                int sepPosition = byteArray.indexOf(QChar(0x1D),fieldPosition);
+                int dataPosition = byteArray.indexOf(imageDataRecord,sepPosition);
+
+                int recordBytes = byteArray.mid(fieldPosition,sepPosition-fieldPosition).toInt();
+                int headerBytes = byteArray.mid(fieldPosition,dataPosition-fieldPosition).size() + imageDataRecord.size();
+
+                QByteArray data = byteArray.mid(dataPosition+imageRecord.size(),recordBytes-headerBytes);
+
+                m = imdecode(Mat(3, data.size(), CV_8UC3, data.data()), CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR);
+                if (!m.data) qWarning("ebtsFormat::read failed to decode image data.");
+                t.m() = m;
+            } else qWarning("ebtsFormat::cannot find image data within file.");
+
+        }
+
+        if (t.file.contains("DOB")) {
+            const QDate dob = QDate::fromString(t.file.get<QString>("DOB"), "yyyyMMdd");
+            const QDate current = QDate::currentDate();
+            int age = current.year() - dob.year();
+            if (current.month() < dob.month()) age--;
+            t.file.set("Age", age);
+        }
+
+        return t;
+    }
+
+    void write(const Template &t) const
+    {
+        (void) t;
+        qFatal("Writing EBTS files is not supported.");
+    }
+};
+
+BR_REGISTER(Format, ebtsFormat)
+
 } // namespace br
  
 #include "format.moc"
@@ -32,6 +32,11 @@
 #include "openbr/core/opencvutils.h"
 #include "openbr/core/qtutils.h"
  
+#ifdef CVMATIO
+#include "MatlabIO.hpp"
+#include "MatlabIOContainer.hpp"
+#endif
+
 namespace br
 {
  
@@ -969,6 +974,74 @@ class landmarksGallery : public Gallery
  
 BR_REGISTER(Gallery, landmarksGallery)
  
+#ifdef CVMATIO
+
+using namespace cv;
+
+class vbbGallery : public Gallery
+{
+    Q_OBJECT
+
+    void init()
+    {
+        MatlabIO matio;
+        QString filename = (Globals->path.isEmpty() ? "" : Globals->path + "/") + file.name;
+        bool ok = matio.open(filename.toStdString(), "r");
+        if (!ok) qFatal("Couldn't open the vbb file");
+
+        vector<MatlabIOContainer> variables;
+        variables = matio.read();
+        matio.close();
+
+        double vers = variables[1].data<Mat>().at<double>(0,0);
+        if (vers != 1.4) qFatal("This is an old vbb version, we don't mess with that.");
+
+        A = variables[0].data<vector<vector<MatlabIOContainer> > >().at(0);
+        objLists = A.at(1).data<vector<MatlabIOContainer> >();
+
+        // start at the first frame (duh!)
+        currFrame = 0;
+    }
+
+    TemplateList readBlock(bool *done)
+    {
+        *done = false;
+        Template rects(file);
+        if (objLists[currFrame].typeEquals<vector<vector<MatlabIOContainer> > >()) {
+            vector<vector<MatlabIOContainer> > bbs = objLists[currFrame].data<vector<vector<MatlabIOContainer> > >();
+            for (unsigned int i=0; i<bbs.size(); i++) {
+                vector<MatlabIOContainer> bb = bbs[i];
+                Mat pos = bb[1].data<Mat>();
+                double left = pos.at<double>(0,0);
+                double top = pos.at<double>(0,1);
+                double width = pos.at<double>(0,2);
+                double height = pos.at<double>(0,3);
+                rects.file.appendRect(QRectF(left, top, width, height));
+            }
+        }
+        TemplateList tl;
+        tl.append(rects);
+        if (++currFrame == (int)objLists.size()) *done = true;
+        return tl;
+    }
+
+    void write(const Template &t)
+    {
+        (void)t; qFatal("Not implemented");
+    }
+
+private:
+    // this holds a bunch of stuff, maybe we'll use it all later
+    vector<MatlabIOContainer> A;
+    // this, a field in A, holds bounding boxes for each frame
+    vector<MatlabIOContainer> objLists;
+    int currFrame;
+};
+
+BR_REGISTER(Gallery, vbbGallery)
+
+#endif
+
 } // namespace br
  
 #include "gallery.moc"
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #include <QLineEdit>
  
 #include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc_c.h>
 #include "openbr_internal.h"
 #include "openbr/gui/utility.h"
  
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ class BinTransform : public UntrainableTransform
         } else if (channels == 2) {
             // If there are two channels, the first is channel is assumed to be a weight vector
             // and the second channel contains the vectors we would like to bin.
-            vector<Mat> mv;
+            std::vector<Mat> mv;
             cv::split(src, mv);
             weights = mv[0];
             weights.convertTo(weights, CV_32F);
 #include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc_c.h>
 #include <Eigen/Core>
 #include "openbr_internal.h"
  
@@ -293,7 +294,7 @@ private:
         Sobel(src, dx, CV_32F, 1, 0, CV_SCHARR);
         Sobel(src, dy, CV_32F, 0, 1, CV_SCHARR);
         cartToPolar(dx, dy, magnitude, angle, true);
-        vector<Mat> mv;
+        std::vector<Mat> mv;
         if ((channel == Magnitude) || (channel == MagnitudeAndAngle)) {
             const float theoreticalMaxMagnitude = sqrt(2*pow(float(2*(3+10+3)*255), 2.f));
             mv.push_back(magnitude / theoreticalMaxMagnitude);
@@ -290,16 +290,18 @@ class DrawDelaunayTransform : public UntrainableTransform
  
     void project(const Template &src, Template &dst) const
     {
-        QList<Point2f> validTriangles = OpenCVUtils::toPoints(src.file.getList<QPointF>("DelaunayTriangles"));
+        dst = src;
  
-        // Clone the matrix do draw on it
-        dst.m() = src.m().clone();
+        if (src.file.contains("DelaunayTriangles")) {
+            QList<Point2f> validTriangles = OpenCVUtils::toPoints(src.file.getList<QPointF>("DelaunayTriangles"));
  
-        for (int i = 0; i < validTriangles.size(); i+=3) {
-            line(dst.m(), validTriangles[i], validTriangles[i+1], Scalar(0,0,0), 1);
-            line(dst.m(), validTriangles[i+1], validTriangles[i+2], Scalar(0,0,0), 1);
-            line(dst.m(), validTriangles[i+2], validTriangles[i], Scalar(0,0,0), 1);
-        }
+            // Clone the matrix do draw on it
+            for (int i = 0; i < validTriangles.size(); i+=3) {
+                line(dst, validTriangles[i], validTriangles[i+1], Scalar(0,0,0), 1);
+                line(dst, validTriangles[i+1], validTriangles[i+2], Scalar(0,0,0), 1);
+                line(dst, validTriangles[i+2], validTriangles[i], Scalar(0,0,0), 1);
+            }
+        } else qWarning("Template does not contain Delaunay triangulation.");
     }
 };
  
@@ -15,7 +15,9 @@
  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
  
 #include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc_c.h>
 #include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui_c.h>
 #include <limits>
 #include "openbr_internal.h"
  
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
  
 #include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc_c.h>
 #include <limits>
 #include "openbr_internal.h"
  
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
  
 #include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
+#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc_c.h>
 #include "openbr_internal.h"
  
 using namespace cv;
@@ -164,7 +165,7 @@ class LargestConvexAreaTransform : public UntrainableTransform
     void project(const Template &src, Template &dst) const
     {
         std::vector< std::vector<Point> > contours;
-        findContours(src.clone(), contours, CV_RETR_EXTERNAL, CV_CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE);
+        findContours(src.m().clone(), contours, CV_RETR_EXTERNAL, CV_CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE);
         double maxArea = 0;
         foreach (const std::vector<Point> &contour, contours) {
             std::vector<Point> hull;
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ class ProgressCounterTransform : public TimeVaryingTransform
     {
         (void) data;
         float p = br_progress();
-        qDebug("%05.2f%%  ELAPSED=%s  REMAINING=%s  COUNT=%g/%g  \r", p*100., QtUtils::toTime(Globals->startTime.elapsed()/1000.0f).toStdString().c_str(), QtUtils::toTime(0).toStdString().c_str(), Globals->currentStep, Globals->totalSteps);
+        qDebug("%05.2f%%  ELAPSED=%s  REMAINING=%s  COUNT=%g/%g  \r", p*100, QtUtils::toTime(Globals->startTime.elapsed()/1000.0f).toStdString().c_str(), QtUtils::toTime(0).toStdString().c_str(), Globals->currentStep, Globals->totalSteps);
     }
  
     void init()
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ class OpticalFlowTransform : public UntrainableMetaTransform
     Q_PROPERTY(int poly_n READ get_poly_n WRITE set_poly_n RESET reset_poly_n STORED false)
     Q_PROPERTY(double poly_sigma READ get_poly_sigma WRITE set_poly_sigma RESET reset_poly_sigma STORED false)
     Q_PROPERTY(int flags READ get_flags WRITE set_flags RESET reset_flags STORED false)
+    Q_PROPERTY(bool useMagnitude READ get_useMagnitude WRITE set_useMagnitude RESET reset_useMagnitude STORED false)
     // these defaults are optimized for KTH
     BR_PROPERTY(double, pyr_scale, 0.1)
     BR_PROPERTY(int, levels, 1)
@@ -31,22 +32,27 @@ class OpticalFlowTransform : public UntrainableMetaTransform
     BR_PROPERTY(int, poly_n, 7)
     BR_PROPERTY(double, poly_sigma, 1.1)
     BR_PROPERTY(int, flags, 0)
+    BR_PROPERTY(bool, useMagnitude, true)
  
     void project(const Template &src, Template &dst) const
     {
         // get the two images put there by AggregateFrames
         if (src.size() != 2) qFatal("Optical Flow requires two images.");
-        Mat prevImg = src[0], nextImg = src[1], flow, flowOneCh;
+        Mat prevImg = src[0], nextImg = src[1], flow;
         if (src[0].channels() != 1) OpenCVUtils::cvtGray(src[0], prevImg);
         if (src[1].channels() != 1) OpenCVUtils::cvtGray(src[1], nextImg);
         calcOpticalFlowFarneback(prevImg, nextImg, flow, pyr_scale, levels, winsize, iterations, poly_n, poly_sigma, flags);
  
-        // the result is two channels
-        std::vector<Mat> channels(2);
-        split(flow, channels);
-        magnitude(channels[0], channels[1], flowOneCh);
-
-        dst += flowOneCh;
+        if (useMagnitude) {
+            // the result is two channels
+            Mat flowOneCh;
+            std::vector<Mat> channels(2);
+            split(flow, channels);
+            magnitude(channels[0], channels[1], flowOneCh);
+            dst += flowOneCh;
+        } else {
+            dst += flow;
+        }
         dst.file = src.file;
     }
 };
@@ -62,7 +68,8 @@ class SubtractBackgroundTransform : public TimeVaryingTransform
 {
     Q_OBJECT
  
-    BackgroundSubtractorMOG2 mog;
+    // TODO: This is broken.
+    // BackgroundSubtractorMOG2 mog;
  
 public:
     SubtractBackgroundTransform() : TimeVaryingTransform(false, false) {}
@@ -72,7 +79,8 @@ private:
     {
         dst = src;
         Mat mask;
-        mog(src, mask);
+        // TODO: broken
+        // mog(src, mask);
         erode(mask, mask, Mat());
         dilate(mask, mask, Mat());
         dst.file.set("Mask", QVariant::fromValue(mask));
@@ -86,7 +94,8 @@ private:
     void finalize(TemplateList &output)
     {
         (void) output;
-        mog = BackgroundSubtractorMOG2();
+        // TODO: Broken
+        // mog = BackgroundSubtractorMOG2();
     }
 };
  
@@ -60,24 +60,29 @@ class NormalizeTransform : public UntrainableTransform
  
     Q_PROPERTY(bool ByRow READ get_ByRow WRITE set_ByRow RESET reset_ByRow STORED false)
     BR_PROPERTY(bool, ByRow, false)
+    Q_PROPERTY(int alpha READ get_alpha WRITE set_alpha RESET reset_alpha STORED false)
+    BR_PROPERTY(int, alpha, 1)
+    Q_PROPERTY(int beta READ get_beta WRITE set_beta RESET reset_beta STORED false)
+    BR_PROPERTY(int, beta, 0)
  
 public:
     /*!< */
     enum NormType { Inf = NORM_INF,
                     L1 = NORM_L1,
-                    L2 = NORM_L2 };
+                    L2 = NORM_L2,
+                    Range = NORM_MINMAX };
  
 private:
     BR_PROPERTY(NormType, normType, L2)
  
     void project(const Template &src, Template &dst) const
     {
-        if (!ByRow) normalize(src, dst, 1, 0, normType, CV_32F);
+        if (!ByRow) normalize(src, dst, alpha, beta, normType, CV_32F);
         else {
             dst = src;
             for (int i=0; i<dst.m().rows; i++) {
                 Mat temp;
-                cv::normalize(dst.m().row(i), temp, 1, 0, normType);
+                cv::normalize(dst.m().row(i), temp, alpha, beta, normType);
                 temp.copyTo(dst.m().row(i));
             }
         }
@@ -132,7 +137,7 @@ private:
         const QList<int> labels = data.indexProperty(inputVariable);
         const int dims = m.cols;
  
-        vector<Mat> mv, av, bv;
+        std::vector<Mat> mv, av, bv;
         split(m, mv);
         for (size_t c = 0; c < mv.size(); c++) {
             av.push_back(Mat(1, dims, CV_64FC1));
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ class rrOutput : public MatrixOutput
  
         for (int i=0; i<queryFiles.size(); i++) {
             QStringList files;
-            if (simple) files.append(queryFiles[i]);
+            if (simple) files.append(queryFiles[i].fileName());
  
             typedef QPair<float,int> Pair;
             foreach (const Pair &pair, Common::Sort(OpenCVUtils::matrixToVector<float>(data.row(i)), true, limit)) {
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ class rrOutput : public MatrixOutput
                     if (pair.first < threshold) break;
                     File target = targetFiles[pair.second];
                     target.set("Score", QString::number(pair.first));
-                    if (simple) files.append(target.baseName() + " " + QString::number(pair.first));
+                    if (simple) files.append(target.fileName() + " " + QString::number(pair.first));
                     else files.append(target.flat());
                 }
             }
@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@ class tailOutput : public Output
         } else {
             // General case
             for (int k=0; k<comparisons.size(); k++) {
-                if (comparisons[k].value < value) {
+                if (comparisons[k].value <= value) {
                     comparisons.insert(k, Comparison(queryFiles[i], targetFiles[j], value));
                     break;
                 }
@@ -539,6 +539,7 @@ class tailOutput : public Output
             comparisons.removeLast();
         while ((comparisons.size() > atLeast) && (comparisons.last().value < threshold))
             comparisons.removeLast();
+
         lastValue = comparisons.last().value;
         comparisonsLock.unlock();
     }
@@ -531,8 +531,6 @@ class ProcessWrapperTransform : public TimeVaryingTransform
         baseKey = id.toString();
  
         QStringList argumentList;
-        argumentList.append("-useGui");
-        argumentList.append("0");
         argumentList.append("-algorithm");
         argumentList.append(transform);
         if (!Globals->path.isEmpty()) {
@@ -272,92 +272,75 @@ BR_REGISTER(Distance, ZScoreDistance)
  
 /*!
  * \ingroup distances
- * \brief Match Probability modification for heat maps \cite klare12
+ * \brief 1v1 heat map comparison
  * \author Scott Klum \cite sklum
  */
 class HeatMapDistance : public Distance
 {
     Q_OBJECT
-    Q_PROPERTY(br::Distance* distance READ get_distance WRITE set_distance RESET reset_distance STORED false)
-    Q_PROPERTY(bool gaussian READ get_gaussian WRITE set_gaussian RESET reset_gaussian STORED false)
-    Q_PROPERTY(bool crossModality READ get_crossModality WRITE set_crossModality RESET reset_crossModality STORED false)
+    Q_PROPERTY(QString description READ get_description WRITE set_description RESET reset_description STORED false)
     Q_PROPERTY(int step READ get_step WRITE set_step RESET reset_step STORED false)
     Q_PROPERTY(QString inputVariable READ get_inputVariable WRITE set_inputVariable RESET reset_inputVariable STORED false)
-    BR_PROPERTY(br::Distance*, distance, make("Dist(L2)"))
-    BR_PROPERTY(bool, gaussian, true)
-    BR_PROPERTY(bool, crossModality, false)
+    BR_PROPERTY(QString, description, "IdenticalDistance")
     BR_PROPERTY(int, step, 1)
     BR_PROPERTY(QString, inputVariable, "Label")
  
-    QList<MP> mp;
+    QList<br::Distance*> distances;
  
     void train(const TemplateList &src)
     {
-        distance->train(src);
-
-        const QList<int> labels = src.indexProperty(inputVariable);
-
         QList<TemplateList> patches;
  
         // Split src into list of TemplateLists of corresponding patches across all Templates
         for (int i=0; i<step; i++) {
             TemplateList patchBuffer;
-            for (int j=i; j<src.size(); j+=step) {
-                patchBuffer.append(src[j]);
-            }
+            for (int j=0; j<src.size(); j++)
+                patchBuffer.append(Template(src[j].file, src[j][i]));
             patches.append(patchBuffer);
             patchBuffer.clear();
         }
  
-        QScopedPointer<MatrixOutput> matrixOutput(MatrixOutput::make(FileList(patches[0].size()), FileList(patches[0].size())));
+        while (distances.size() < patches.size())
+            distances.append(make(description));
  
-        for (int i=0; i<step; i++) {
-            distance->compare(patches[i], patches[i], matrixOutput.data());
-            QList<float> genuineScores, impostorScores;
-            genuineScores.reserve(step);
-            impostorScores.reserve(step);
-            for (int j=0; j<matrixOutput.data()->data.rows; j++) {
-                for (int k=0; k<j; k++) {
-                    const float score = matrixOutput.data()->data.at<float>(j, k);
-                    if (score == -std::numeric_limits<float>::max()) continue;
-                    if (crossModality) if(src[j*step].file.get<QString>("MODALITY") == src[k*step].file.get<QString>("MODALITY")) continue;
-                    if (labels[j*step] == labels[k*step]) genuineScores.append(score);
-                    else                                                        impostorScores.append(score);
-                }
-            }
-
-            mp.append(MP(genuineScores, impostorScores));
-        }
+        // Train on a distance for each patch
+        for (int i=0; i<distances.size(); i++)
+            distances[i]->train(patches[i]);
     }
  
     float compare(const Template &target, const Template &query) const
     {
         (void) target;
         (void) query;
-        qFatal("You did this wrong");
+        qFatal("Heatmap Distance not compatible with Template to Template comparison.");
  
         return 0;
     }
  
     void compare(const TemplateList &target, const TemplateList &query, Output *output) const
     {
-        for (int i=0; i<step; i++) {
-            float rawScore = distance->compare(target[i],query[i]);
-            if (rawScore == -std::numeric_limits<float>::max()) output->setRelative(rawScore, i, 0);
-            else output->setRelative(mp[i](rawScore, gaussian), i, 0);
+        for (int i=0; i<target.size(); i++) {
+            if (target[i].size() != step || query[i].size() != step) qFatal("Heatmap step not equal to the number of patches.");
+            for (int j=0; j<step; j++)
+                output->setRelative(distances[j]->compare(target[i][j],query[i][j]), j, 0);
         }
      }
  
     void store(QDataStream &stream) const
     {
-        distance->store(stream);
-        stream << mp;
+        stream << distances.size();
+        foreach (Distance *distance, distances)
+            distance->store(stream);
     }
  
     void load(QDataStream &stream)
     {
-        distance->load(stream);
-        stream >> mp;
+        int numDistances;
+        stream >> numDistances;
+        while (distances.size() < numDistances)
+            distances.append(make(description));
+        foreach (Distance *distance, distances)
+            distance->load(stream);
     }
 };
  
+#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
+#include "openbr_internal.h"
+#include "openbr/core/opencvutils.h"
+
+using namespace cv;
+
+namespace br
+{
+
+/*!
+ * \ingroup transforms
+ * \brief Applies watershed segmentation.
+ * \author Austin Blanton \cite imaus10
+ */
+class WatershedSegmentationTransform : public UntrainableTransform
+{
+    Q_OBJECT
+    void project(const Template &src, Template &dst) const
+    {
+        dst = src;
+
+        Mat mod;
+//        adaptiveThreshold(src.m(), src.m(), 255, ADAPTIVE_THRESH_GAUSSIAN_C, THRESH_BINARY, 33, 5);
+        threshold(src.m(), mod, 0, 255, THRESH_BINARY+THRESH_OTSU);
+
+        // findContours requires an 8-bit 1-channel image
+        // and modifies its source image
+        if (mod.depth() != CV_8U) OpenCVUtils::cvtUChar(mod, mod);
+        if (mod.channels() != 1) OpenCVUtils::cvtGray(mod, mod);
+        vector<vector<Point> > contours;
+        vector<Vec4i> hierarchy;
+        findContours(mod, contours, hierarchy, CV_RETR_CCOMP, CV_CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE);
+
+        // draw the contour delineations as 1,2,3... for input to watershed
+        Mat markers = Mat::zeros(mod.size(), CV_32S);
+        int compCount=0;
+        for (int idx=0; idx>=0; idx=hierarchy[idx][0], compCount++) {
+            drawContours(markers, contours, idx, Scalar::all(compCount+1), -1, 8, hierarchy, INT_MAX);
+        }
+
+        Mat orig = src.m();
+        // watershed requires a 3-channel 8-bit image
+        if (orig.channels() == 1) cvtColor(orig, orig, CV_GRAY2BGR);
+        watershed(orig, markers);
+        dst.file.set("SegmentsMask", QVariant::fromValue(markers));
+        dst.file.set("NumSegments", compCount);
+    }
+};
+BR_REGISTER(Transform, WatershedSegmentationTransform)
+
+} // namespace br
+
+#include "segmentation.moc"
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ class StasmInitializer : public Initializer
  
     void initialize() const
     {
-        Globals->abbreviations.insert("RectFromStasmEyes","RectFromPoints([28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47],0.15,5.3)");
+        Globals->abbreviations.insert("RectFromStasmEyes","RectFromPoints([28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47],0.3,5.3)");
         Globals->abbreviations.insert("RectFromStasmBrow","RectFromPoints([16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27],0.15,5)");
         Globals->abbreviations.insert("RectFromStasmNose","RectFromPoints([48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58],0.15,1.15)");
         Globals->abbreviations.insert("RectFromStasmMouth","RectFromPoints([59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76],0.3,2)");
+#include <fstream>
 #include <QReadWriteLock>
 #include <QWaitCondition>
 #include <QThreadPool>
 #include <QSemaphore>
 #include <QMap>
-#include <opencv/highgui.h>
+#include <QQueue>
 #include <QtConcurrent>
+#include <opencv/highgui.h>
+#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
 #include "openbr_internal.h"
-
 #include "openbr/core/common.h"
 #include "openbr/core/opencvutils.h"
 #include "openbr/core/qtutils.h"
  
 using namespace cv;
+using namespace std;
  
 namespace br
 {
@@ -203,6 +206,13 @@ public:
     virtual bool getNextTemplate(Template & output)=0;
 protected:
     Template basis;
+    string getAbsolutePath(QString filename)
+    {
+        // Yes, we should specify absolute path:
+        // http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9396459/loading-a-video-in-opencv-in-python
+        QString fileName = (Globals->path.isEmpty() ? "" : Globals->path + "/") + filename;
+        return QFileInfo(fileName).absoluteFilePath().toStdString();
+    }
 };
  
 static QMutex openLock;
@@ -236,12 +246,9 @@ public:
                 qDebug("Video not open!");
             }
         } else {
-            // Yes, we should specify absolute path:
-            // http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9396459/loading-a-video-in-opencv-in-python
-            QString fileName = (Globals->path.isEmpty() ? "" : Globals->path + "/") + input.file.name;
             // On windows, this appears to not be thread-safe
             QMutexLocker lock(&openLock);
-            video.open(QFileInfo(fileName).absoluteFilePath().toStdString());
+            video.open(getAbsolutePath(input.file.name));
         }
  
         return video.isOpened();
@@ -319,6 +326,198 @@ protected:
     bool data_ok;
 };
  
+class SeqReader : public TemplateProcessor
+{
+public:
+    SeqReader() {}
+
+    bool open(Template &input)
+    {
+        basis = input;
+
+        seqFile.open(getAbsolutePath(input.file.name).c_str(), ios::in | ios::binary | ios::ate);
+        if (!isOpen()) return false;
+
+        int headSize = 1024;
+        // start at end of file to get full size
+        int fileSize = seqFile.tellg();
+        if (fileSize < headSize) {
+            qDebug("No header in seq file");
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // first 4 bytes store 0xEDFE, next 24 store 'Norpix seq  '
+        char firstFour[4];
+        seqFile.seekg(0, ios::beg);
+        seqFile.read(firstFour, 4);
+        char nextTwentyFour[24];
+        readText(24, nextTwentyFour);
+        if (firstFour[0] != (char)0xED || firstFour[1] != (char)0xFE || strncmp(nextTwentyFour, "Norpix seq", 10) != 0) {
+            qDebug("Invalid header in seq file");
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // next 8 bytes for version (skipped below) and header size (1024), then 512 for descr
+        seqFile.seekg(4, ios::cur);
+        int hSize = readInt();
+        if (hSize != headSize) {
+            qDebug("Invalid header size");
+            return false;
+        }
+        char desc[512];
+        readText(512, desc);
+        basis.file.set("Description", QString(desc));
+
+        width = readInt();
+        height = readInt();
+        // get # channels from bit depth
+        numChan = readInt()/8;
+        int imageBitDepthReal = readInt();
+        if (imageBitDepthReal != 8) {
+            qDebug("Invalid bit depth");
+            return false;
+        }
+        // the size of just the image part of a raw img
+        imgSizeBytes = readInt();
+
+        int imgFormatInt = readInt();
+        if (imgFormatInt == 100 || imgFormatInt == 200 || imgFormatInt == 101) {
+            imgFormat = "raw";
+        } else if (imgFormatInt == 102 || imgFormatInt == 201 || imgFormatInt == 103 ||
+                   imgFormatInt == 1 || imgFormatInt == 2) {
+            imgFormat = "compressed";
+        } else {
+            qFatal("unsupported image format");
+        }
+
+        numFrames = readInt();
+        // skip empty int
+        seqFile.seekg(4, ios::cur);
+        // the size of a full raw file, with extra crap after img data
+        trueImgSizeBytes = readInt();
+
+        // gather all the frame positions in an array
+        seekPos.reserve(numFrames);
+        // start at end of header
+        seekPos.append(headSize);
+        // extra 8 bytes at end of img
+        int extra = 8;
+        for (int i=1; i<numFrames; i++) {
+            int s;
+            // compressed images have different sizes
+            // the first byte at the beginning of the file
+            // says how big the current img is
+            if (imgFormat == "compressed") {
+                int lastPos = seekPos[i-1];
+                seqFile.seekg(lastPos, ios::beg);
+                int currSize = readInt();
+                s = lastPos + currSize + extra;
+
+                // but there might be 16 extra bytes instead of 8...
+                if (i == 1) {
+                    seqFile.seekg(s, ios::beg);
+                    char zero;
+                    seqFile.read(&zero, 1);
+                    if (zero == 0) {
+                        s += 8;
+                        extra += 8;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            // raw images are all the same size
+            else {
+                s = headSize + (i*trueImgSizeBytes);
+            }
+
+            seekPos.enqueue(s);
+        }
+
+#ifdef CVMATIO
+        if (basis.file.contains("vbb")) {
+            QString vbb = basis.file.get<QString>("vbb");
+            annotations = TemplateList::fromGallery(File(vbb));
+        }
+#else
+        qWarning("cvmatio not installed, bounding boxes will not be available. Add -DBR_WITH_CVMATIO cmake flag to install.");
+#endif
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool isOpen()
+    {
+        return seqFile.is_open();
+    }
+
+    void close()
+    {
+        seqFile.close();
+    }
+
+    bool getNextTemplate(Template &output)
+    {
+        if (!isOpen()) {
+            qDebug("Seq not open");
+            return false;
+        }
+        // if we've reached the last frame, we're done
+        if (seekPos.size() == 0) return false;
+
+        seqFile.seekg(seekPos.dequeue(), ios::beg);
+
+        Mat temp;
+        // let imdecode do all the work to decode the compressed img
+        if (imgFormat == "compressed") {
+            int imgSize = readInt() - 4;
+            vector<char> imgBuf(imgSize);
+            seqFile.read(&imgBuf[0], imgSize);
+            // flags < 0 means load image as-is (keep color info if available)
+            imdecode(imgBuf, -1, &temp);
+        }
+        // raw images can be loaded straight into a Mat
+        else {
+            char *imgBuf = new char[imgSizeBytes];
+            seqFile.read(imgBuf, imgSizeBytes);
+            int type = (numChan == 1 ? CV_8UC1 : CV_8UC3);
+            temp = Mat(height, width, type, imgBuf);
+        }
+
+        output.file = basis.file;
+        if (!annotations.empty()) {
+            output.file.setRects(annotations.first().file.rects());
+            annotations.removeFirst();
+        }
+        output.m() = temp;
+
+        return true;
+    }
+private:
+    int readInt()
+    {
+        int num;
+        seqFile.read((char*)&num, 4);
+        return num;
+    }
+
+    // apparently the text in seq files is 16 bit characters (UTF-16?)
+    // since we don't really need the last byte, snad since it gets interpreted as
+    // a terminating char, let's just grab the first byte for storage
+    void readText(int bytes, char * buffer)
+    {
+        seqFile.read(buffer, bytes);
+        for (int i=0; i<bytes; i+=2) {
+            buffer[i/2] = buffer[i];
+        }
+        buffer[bytes/2] = '\0';
+    }
+
+protected:
+    ifstream seqFile;
+    QQueue<int> seekPos;
+    int width, height, numChan, imgSizeBytes, trueImgSizeBytes, numFrames;
+    QString imgFormat;
+    TemplateList annotations;
+};
  
 // Interface for sequentially getting data from some data source.
 // Given a TemplateList, return single template frames sequentially by applying a TemplateProcessor
@@ -514,11 +713,16 @@ protected:
             if (frameSource)
                 frameSource->close();
  
+            Template curr = this->templates[current_template_idx];
             if (mode == br::Idiocy::Auto)
             {
                 delete frameSource;
-                if (this->templates[this->current_template_idx].empty())
-                    frameSource = new VideoReader();
+                if (curr.empty()) {
+                    if (curr.file.name.right(3) == "seq")
+                        frameSource = new SeqReader();
+                    else
+                        frameSource = new VideoReader();
+                }
                 else
                     frameSource = new DirectReturn();
             }
@@ -529,11 +733,14 @@ protected:
             }
             else if (mode == br::Idiocy::StreamVideo)
             {
-                if (!frameSource)
-                    frameSource = new VideoReader();
+                if (!frameSource) {
+                    if (curr.file.name.right(3) == "seq")
+                        frameSource = new SeqReader();
+                    else
+                        frameSource = new VideoReader();
+                }
             }
-
-            open_res = frameSource->open(this->templates[current_template_idx]);
+            open_res = frameSource->open(curr);
             if (!open_res)
             {
                 current_template_idx++;
@@ -1079,8 +1286,7 @@ public:
  
         // Wait for the stream to process the last frame available from
         // the data source.
-        bool wait_res = false;
-        wait_res = readStage->dataSource.waitLast();
+        readStage->dataSource.waitLast();
  
         // Now that there are no more incoming frames, call finalize
         // on each transform in turn to collect any last templates
@@ -1217,6 +1423,7 @@ public:
     {
         // Delete all the stages
         for (int i = 0; i < processingStages.size(); i++) {
+// TODO: Are we releasing memory which is already freed?
             delete processingStages[i];
         }
         processingStages.clear();
@@ -35,6 +35,35 @@ if [ ! -d ../data/BioID/img ]; then
   rm *.eye description.txt BioID-FaceDatabase-V1.2.zip
 fi
  
+# Caltech Pedestrian
+if [ ! -d ../data/CaltechPedestrians/vid ]; then
+  mkdir ../data/CaltechPedestrians/vid
+  echo "Downloading Caltech Pedestrians dataset..."
+  prefix="http://www.vision.caltech.edu/Image_Datasets/CaltechPedestrians/datasets/USA"
+  for seq in {0..10}; do
+    fname=`printf "set%02d.tar" $seq`
+    dlpath="$prefix/$fname"
+    if hash curl 2>/dev/null; then
+      curl -OL $dlpath
+    else
+      wget $dlpath
+    fi
+    tar -xf $fname
+  done
+  rm *.tar
+  ./writeCaltechPedestrianSigset.sh 0 5 train > ../data/CaltechPedestrians/train.xml
+  ./writeCaltechPedestrianSigset.sh 6 10 test > ../data/CaltechPedestrians/test.xml
+  mv set* ../data/CaltechPedestrians/vid
+  if hash curl 2>/dev/null; then
+    curl -OL "$prefix/annotations.zip"
+  else
+    wget "$prefix/annotations.zip"
+  fi
+  unzip annotations.zip
+  rm annotations.zip
+  mv annotations ../data/CaltechPedestrians
+fi
+
 # INRIA person
 if [ ! -d ../data/INRIAPerson/img ]; then
   echo "Downloading INRIA person dataset..."
@@ -66,7 +95,7 @@ if [ ! -d ../data/KTH/vid ]; then
     fi
     mkdir ../data/KTH/vid/${vidclass}
     unzip ${vidclass}.zip -d ../data/KTH/vid/${vidclass}
-	rm ${vidclass}.zip
+    rm ${vidclass}.zip
   done
   # this file is corrupted
   rm -f ../data/KTH/vid/boxing/person01_boxing_d4_uncomp.avi
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ if [ ! -f evalAgeRegression-PCSO.sh ]; then
   exit
 fi
  
-export BR="../build/app/br/br -useGui 0"
+export BR=../build/app/br/br
 export PCSO_DIR=/user/pripshare/Databases/FaceDatabases/PCSO/PCSO/
 export ageAlg=AgeRegression
  
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ if [ ! -e Algorithm_Dataset ]; then
 fi
  
 # Run the LFW test protocol
-br -useGui 0 -algorithm $ALGORITHM -path ../data/LFW/img/ -crossValidate 10 -pairwiseCompare ../data/LFW/sigset/test_image_restricted_target.xml ../data/LFW/sigset/test_image_restricted_query.xml ${ALGORITHM}_LFW.mtx -convert Output ${ALGORITHM}_lfw.mtx Algorithm_Dataset/${ALGORITHM}_LFW%1.eval
+br -algorithm $ALGORITHM -path ../data/LFW/img/ -crossValidate 10 -pairwiseCompare ../data/LFW/sigset/test_image_restricted_target.xml ../data/LFW/sigset/test_image_restricted_query.xml ${ALGORITHM}_LFW.mtx -convert Output ${ALGORITHM}_lfw.mtx Algorithm_Dataset/${ALGORITHM}_LFW%1.eval
  
 # Plot results
-br -useGui 0 -plot Algorithm_Dataset/* 'lfw_results.pdf[smooth=Dataset,rocOptions[yLimits=(0,1)]]'
+br -plot Algorithm_Dataset/* 'lfw_results.pdf[smooth=Dataset,rocOptions[yLimits=(0,1)]]'
@@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ if [ ! -e Algorithm_Dataset ]; then
 fi
  
 if [ ! -e MEDS.mask ]; then
-  br -useGui 0 -makeMask ../data/MEDS/sigset/MEDS_frontal_target.xml ../data/MEDS/sigset/MEDS_frontal_query.xml MEDS.mask
+  br -makeMask ../data/MEDS/sigset/MEDS_frontal_target.xml ../data/MEDS/sigset/MEDS_frontal_query.xml MEDS.mask
 fi
  
 # Run Algorithm on MEDS
-br -useGui 0 -algorithm ${ALGORITHM} -path ../data/MEDS/img -compare ../data/MEDS/sigset/MEDS_frontal_target.xml ../data/MEDS/sigset/MEDS_frontal_query.xml ${ALGORITHM}_MEDS.mtx -eval ${ALGORITHM}_MEDS.mtx MEDS.mask Algorithm_Dataset/${ALGORITHM}_MEDS.csv
+br -algorithm ${ALGORITHM} -path ../data/MEDS/img -compare ../data/MEDS/sigset/MEDS_frontal_target.xml ../data/MEDS/sigset/MEDS_frontal_query.xml ${ALGORITHM}_MEDS.mtx -eval ${ALGORITHM}_MEDS.mtx MEDS.mask Algorithm_Dataset/${ALGORITHM}_MEDS.csv
  
 # Plot results
-br -useGui 0 -plot Algorithm_Dataset/*_MEDS.csv MEDS
+br -plot Algorithm_Dataset/*_MEDS.csv MEDS
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ export ALGORITHM=GenderClassification
 export PCSO_DIR=../data/PCSO/img
  
 # Create a file list by querying the database
-$BR -useGui 0 -quiet -algorithm Identity -enroll "$PCSO_DIR/PCSO.db[query='SELECT File,Gender,PersonID FROM PCSO', subset=1:8000]" terminal.txt > Input.txt
+$BR -quiet -algorithm Identity -enroll "$PCSO_DIR/PCSO.db[query='SELECT File,Gender,PersonID FROM PCSO', subset=1:8000]" terminal.txt > Input.txt
  
 # Enroll the file list and evaluate performance
-$BR -useGui 0  -algorithm $ALGORITHM -path $PCSO_DIR -enroll Input.txt Output.txt -evalClassification Output.txt Input.txt Gender
 \ No newline at end of file
+$BR -algorithm $ALGORITHM -path $PCSO_DIR -enroll Input.txt Output.txt -evalClassification Output.txt Input.txt Gender
 \ No newline at end of file
@@ -27,8 +27,7 @@ else
     TEST=testSmall.xml
 fi
  
-br -useGui 0 \
-   -algorithm "${ALG}" \
+br -algorithm "${ALG}" \
    -path $INRIA_PATH/img \
    -train $INRIA_PATH/sigset/train.xml pedModel \
    -enroll $INRIA_PATH/sigset/$TEST pedResults.xml
@@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ export ageAlg=AgeRegression
  
 export PCSO_DIR=/user/pripshare/Databases/FaceDatabases/PCSO/PCSO/
  
-$BR -useGui 0 -algorithm $ageAlg -path $PCSO_DIR/Images -train "$PCSO_DIR/PCSO.db[query='SELECT File,Age,PersonID FROM PCSO WHERE Age >= 17 AND AGE <= 68', subset=0:200]" ../share/openbr/models/algorithms/AgeRegression
+$BR -algorithm $ageAlg -path $PCSO_DIR/Images -train "$PCSO_DIR/PCSO.db[query='SELECT File,Age,PersonID FROM PCSO WHERE Age >= 17 AND AGE <= 68', subset=0:200]" ../share/openbr/models/algorithms/AgeRegression
@@ -14,7 +14,5 @@ export BR=../build/app/br/br
  
 export PCSO_DIR=/user/pripshare/Databases/FaceDatabases/PCSO/PCSO/
  
-
-
-$BR -useGui 0 -algorithm FaceRecognition -path "$PCSO_DIR/Images/" -train "$PCSO_DIR/PCSO.db[query='SELECT File,PersonID as Label,PersonID FROM PCSO', subset=0:5:6000]" ../share/openbr/models/algorithms/FaceRecognition
+$BR -algorithm FaceRecognition -path "$PCSO_DIR/Images/" -train "$PCSO_DIR/PCSO.db[query='SELECT File,PersonID as Label,PersonID FROM PCSO', subset=0:5:6000]" ../share/openbr/models/algorithms/FaceRecognition
  
@@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ export genderAlg=GenderClassification
  
 export PCSO_DIR=/user/pripshare/Databases/FaceDatabases/PCSO/PCSO/
  
-$BR -useGui 0  -algorithm $genderAlg -path $PCSO_DIR/Images -train "$PCSO_DIR/PCSO.db[query='SELECT File,Gender,PersonID FROM PCSO', subset=0:8000]" ../share/openbr/models/algorithms/GenderClassification
+$BR -algorithm $genderAlg -path $PCSO_DIR/Images -train "$PCSO_DIR/PCSO.db[query='SELECT File,Gender,PersonID FROM PCSO', subset=0:8000]" ../share/openbr/models/algorithms/GenderClassification
+#!/bin/bash
+
+echo '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>'
+echo '<biometric-signature-set>'
+for ((set=$1; set <= $2; set++)); do
+	echo -e "\t<biometric-signature name=\"\">"
+	for vid in `printf "set%02d/*.seq" $set`; do
+		if [ $3 == "train" ]; then
+			vbb=`echo "vbb=\"annotations/$vid\"" | sed s/seq/vbb/`
+		fi
+		printf "\t\t<presentation file-name=\"vid/$vid\" $vbb />\n"
+	done
+	echo -e "\t</biometric-signature>"
+done
+echo '</biometric-signature-set>'
+set(CVMATIO_DIR "${BR_THIRDPARTY_DIR}/cvmatio")
+if(NOT EXISTS ${CVMATIO_DIR})
+  # download source from github
+  execute_process(COMMAND "git" "clone" "https://github.com/hbristow/cvmatio.git" WORKING_DIRECTORY ${BR_THIRDPARTY_DIR})
+else()
+  # update the source
+  execute_process(COMMAND "git" "pull" WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CVMATIO_DIR})
+endif()
+set(CVMATIO_LIB_DIR ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/3rdparty/cvmatio/src)
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #    target_link_libraries(MY_TARGET_NAME ${OPENBR_LIBS})
 # ================================================================
  
+find_path(OPENBR_DIR include/openbr/openbr.h)
 include_directories(${OPENBR_DIR}/include)
 link_directories(${OPENBR_DIR}/lib)
 set(OPENBR_LIBS "openbr")