OpenSystemsDevelopment / qpdf

Add comments to force line breaks, parenthesize function arguments
that are contatenated strings, etc. -- these kinds of changes improve
clang-format's results and also cause emacs cc-mode to match
clang-format. After this type of change, most of the time, when
clang-format and emacs disagree, clang-format is better.

Run this:

for i in  **/*.cc **/*.c **/*.h **/*.hh; do
  clang-format < $i >| $i.new && mv $i.new $i
done

This comment expands all tabs using an 8-character tab-width. You
should ignore this commit when using git blame or use git blame -w.

In the early days, I used to use tabs where possible for indentation,
since emacs did this automatically. In recent years, I have switched
to only using spaces, which means qpdf source code has been a mixture
of spaces and tabs. I have avoided cleaning this up because of not
wanting gratuitous whitespaces change to cloud the output of git
blame, but I changed my mind after discussing with users who view qpdf
source code in editors/IDEs that have other tab widths by default and
in light of the fact that I am planning to start applying automatic
code formatting soon.

None of these are in the public API.

Use get() and use_count() instead. Add #define
NO_POINTERHOLDER_DEPRECATION to remove deprecation markers for these
only.

This commit also removes all deprecated PointerHolder API calls from
qpdf's code except in PointerHolder's test suite, which must continue
to test the deprecated APIs.

Use QPDFObjectHandle::isNameAndEquals, isDictionaryOfType and
isStreamOfType.

Don't assume endobj is at the beginning of the line. This means we are
looking at tokens for every line, but the odds of n n obj appearing in
the middle of the object are likely much lower than endobj not being
at the beginning of the line or missing entirely. This will probably
have a negative impact on recovery time for very large files.
Hopefully it will be worth it.

This results in a performance penalty of 1% to 2% when replaceObject
and swapObjects are never called and a somewhat larger penalty if they
are called, but it's worth it to avoid very confusing behavior as
discussed in depth in qpdf#507.

I thought /EFF was supposed to be used as a default for decrypting
embedded file streams, but actually it's supposed to be advice to a
conforming writer about handling new ones. This makes sense since the
findAttachmentStreams code, which is not actually needed, was never
right.

Keep a std::pair internal to the iterators so that operator* can
return a reference and operator-> can work, and each can work without
copying pairs of objects around.

If we ever had an encrypted file with different filters for
attachments and either the /EmbeddedFiles name tree was deep or some
of the file specs didn't have /Type, we would have overlooked those as
attachment streams. The code now properly handles /EmbeddedFiles as a
name tree.

Refactor QPDF_Stream to use stream filter classes to handle supported
stream filters as well.

These are the comments I would have liked to have been able to read
while fixing #449 and #478.

This reverts an incorrect fix to #449 and codes it properly. The real
problem was that we were looking at the local dictionaries rather than
the foreign dictionaries when saving the foreign stream data. In the
case of direct objects, these happened to be the same, but in the case
of indirect objects, the object references could be pointing anywhere
since object numbers don't match up between the old and new files.

Turns out unreadCh is much more efficient than seek(-1, SEEK_CUR).
Update comments and code to reflect this.