OpenSystemsDevelopment / qpdf

* Merge overloaded functions by adding default values
* Remove non-const methods that are identical to const methods

(patrepl and cleanpatch are my own utilities)

patrepl s/PointerHolder/std::shared_ptr/g {include,libqpdf}/qpdf/*.hh
patrepl s/PointerHolder/std::shared_ptr/g libqpdf/*.cc
patrepl s/make_pointer_holder/std::make_shared/g libqpdf/*.cc
patrepl s/make_array_pointer_holder/QUtil::make_shared_array/g libqpdf/*.cc
patrepl s,qpdf/std::shared_ptr,qpdf/PointerHolder, **/*.cc **/*.hh
git restore include/qpdf/PointerHolder.hh
cleanpatch
./format-code

Run this:

for i in  **/*.cc **/*.c **/*.h **/*.hh; do
  clang-format < $i >| $i.new && mv $i.new $i
done

This comment expands all tabs using an 8-character tab-width. You
should ignore this commit when using git blame or use git blame -w.

In the early days, I used to use tabs where possible for indentation,
since emacs did this automatically. In recent years, I have switched
to only using spaces, which means qpdf source code has been a mixture
of spaces and tabs. I have avoided cleaning this up because of not
wanting gratuitous whitespaces change to cloud the output of git
blame, but I changed my mind after discussing with users who view qpdf
source code in editors/IDEs that have other tab widths by default and
in light of the fact that I am planning to start applying automatic
code formatting soon.

Clarify that names are to appear in canonical form with PDF escaping
resolved when used in non-parsing QPDFObjectHandle APIs and their C
API counterparts. See https://github.com/qpdf/qpdf/discussions/625.

Create the typedefs directly in iterators rather than deriving from
the deprecated std::iterator class.

Commit by ejb@ql.org using m-holger as author so git annotate gives
proper credit for changes.

Add methods isNameAndEquals, isDictionaryOfType, isStreamOfType

When adding a QPDFObjectHandle to an array or dictionary, if possible,
check if the new object belongs to the same QPDF. This makes it much
easier to find incorrect code than waiting for the situation to be
detected when the file is written.

Also improve behavior around direct vs. indirect resources.

Also fix a bug in checking consistency of length for stream data
providers. Length should not be checked or recorded if the provider
says it failed to generate the data.

Use the first of ASCII, PDFDocEncoding, or UTF-16 that is capable of
encoding the string.