OpenSystemsDevelopment / qpdf

Also switch to colon-style iteration in some cases. Thanks to Dean
Scarff for drawing this to my attention after detecting some
unnecessary copies with
https://clang.llvm.org/extra/clang-tidy/checks/performance-for-range-copy.html

This makes all integer type conversions that have potential data loss
explicit with calls that do range checks and raise an exception. After
this commit, qpdf builds with no warnings when -Wsign-conversion
-Wconversion is used with gcc or clang or when -W3 -Wd4800 is used
with MSVC. This significantly reduces the likelihood of potential
crashes from bogus integer values.

There are some parts of the code that take int when they should take
size_t or an offset. Such places would make qpdf not support files
with more than 2^31 of something that usually wouldn't be so large. In
the event that such a file shows up and is valid, at least qpdf would
raise an error in the right spot so the issue could be legitimately
addressed rather than failing in some weird way because of a silent
overflow condition.

Give objects descriptions and context so it is possible to issue
warnings instead of fatal errors for attempts to access objects of the
wrong type.

For std::string and std::vector, replace operator[] with at.  This was
done using an automated process.  See README.hardening for details.

Add virtual methods to QPDFObject, wrappers to QPDFObjectHandle, and
implementations to all the QPDF_Object types.

Added methods to append to arrays, insert items into arrays, and
replace array contents with a vector of items.

Significantly improve the code's use of off_t for file offsets, size_t
for memory sizes, and integer types in cases where there has to be
compatibility with external interfaces.  Rework sections of the code
that would have prevented qpdf from working on files larger than 2 (or
maybe 4) GB in size.

git-svn-id: svn+q:///qpdf/trunk@976 71b93d88-0707-0410-a8cf-f5a4172ac649

git-svn-id: svn+q:///qpdf/trunk@709 71b93d88-0707-0410-a8cf-f5a4172ac649

git-svn-id: svn+q:///qpdf/trunk@599 71b93d88-0707-0410-a8cf-f5a4172ac649