OpenSystemsDevelopment / qpdf

Just because we know an indirect reference is null, doesn't mean we
shouldn't keep it indirect.

For some reason, qpdf from the beginning was replacing indirect
references to null with literal null in arrays even after removing the
old behavior of flattening scalar references. This seems like a bad
idea.

This change works around STL problems with Embarcadero C++ Builder
version 10.2, but std::vector is more common than std::list in qpdf,
and this is a relatively new API, so an API change is tolerable.

Thanks to Thorsten Schöning <6223655+ams-tschoening@users.noreply.github.com>
for the fix.

Thanks to github user zdenop for supplying some additional
error-handling code.

Use PointerHolder in several places where manually memory allocation
and deallocation were being used. This helps to protect against memory
leaks when exceptions are thrown in surprising places.

This code was essentially duplicated between test_driver and
standalone_fuzz_target_runner.

Now that there aren't any more...

This makes all integer type conversions that have potential data loss
explicit with calls that do range checks and raise an exception. After
this commit, qpdf builds with no warnings when -Wsign-conversion
-Wconversion is used with gcc or clang or when -W3 -Wd4800 is used
with MSVC. This significantly reduces the likelihood of potential
crashes from bogus integer values.

There are some parts of the code that take int when they should take
size_t or an offset. Such places would make qpdf not support files
with more than 2^31 of something that usually wouldn't be so large. In
the event that such a file shows up and is valid, at least qpdf would
raise an error in the right spot so the issue could be legitimately
addressed rather than failing in some weird way because of a silent
overflow condition.

This is the type we need for the underlying zlib implementation.

Temporarily skip fuzz tests on Windows. There are Windows-specific
failures to address later.